Abstract
It is now widely agreed that the urban poor are not passive in
the development process. Participation, once radical and controversial,
is now mainstream management theory. Harnessing self-help potential
is the order of the day. Properly 'empowered' or at least 'enabled',
the poor are assumed to be able to overcome deficits of infrastructure
and services and exhaust their tremendous entrepreneurial potential.
Without altogether denying the validity of the self-help approach,
the paper scrutinizes both its practical assumptions and ideological
underpinnings. Does it work for all urban poor communities, and
critically, for all people in such communities? And is it its efficiency,
or rather the implicit justification of cutting subsidies and transfers,
which make it so popular with the international financial institutions?
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